Can DNA Tests Really Predict Pet Health?

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By Theo Grant | Pet Innovations Column | The Pet Standard

You’ve probably spat into a tube to find out you’re 4% Viking and mildly lactose intolerant. But now, it’s your dog’s turn. Yes pet DNA testing is officially a thing, and it’s not just about discovering that your “chihuahua” is actually 25% Great Dane (surprise!).

These kits now promise to unlock insights into your pet’s future health.

But can a swab from your pet’s cheek really predict whether they’ll develop arthritis or food allergies? Or is this just ancestry fluff in a fur coat? Let’s dig in.

🧬 What Is a Pet DNA Test, Anyway?

A pet DNA test typically involves rubbing a swab along your pet’s inner cheek (easier said than done if you have a wriggly terrier). You then post it off to a lab, where they extract and analyse the genetic material.

Within a few weeks, you’ll receive a digital report that may include:

• Breed breakdown (hello, mystery mutts)

• Carrier status for certain inherited conditions

• Predispositions to diseases (like hip dysplasia or heart conditions)

• Traits such as size, coat type, or even behaviour tendencies

Some brands even offer nutrition and exercise recommendations based on your pet’s unique genetic profile. Because yes, we’ve reached a point where your cocker spaniel might get personalised dietary advice.

🧠 But Can They Really Predict Health Issues?

Here’s where it gets interesting (and slightly murky). Some DNA tests do offer genuine insight into your pet’s potential health risks—particularly when it comes to hereditary diseases.

For example:

• A Labrador might be screened for Exercise-Induced Collapse (EIC)

• A Maine Coon could be tested for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

• A Dachshund may show risk factors for intervertebral disc disease

However, it’s crucial to understand that genetic risk is not the same as diagnosis. Just because a gene is present doesn’t mean the condition will develop. Environment, lifestyle, and pure chance all play a role.

Think of it like this: DNA testing can tell you your dog might need glasses when he’s older—but it won’t say when, or how bad his eyesight will be.

🧪 Top Pet DNA Test Brands (UK Friendly)

If you’re keen to swab your way to answers, here are a few reputable options:

1. Wisdom Panel Premium

Price: ~£120 Covers over 350 breeds and 200+ genetic health tests. Offers detailed trait predictions and drug sensitivity alerts. One of the most comprehensive options on the market.

2. Embark Vet DNA Test

Price: ~£150–£180 Co-developed with Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Embark is known for its extensive health screenings and accurate breed identification. Bonus: you can connect with dogs that share your pet’s genes. Doggy family reunion, anyone?

3. Basepaws (for cats)

Price: ~£100 Cat parents, rejoice! Basepaws screens for feline genetic markers, including oral health and hereditary conditions. Includes breed similarity and wildcat ancestry data (because your tabby might be part leopard in spirit).

🤓 So, Who Should Consider a Pet DNA Test?

✅ Great for:

• Owners of rescue or mixed-breed pets curious about heritage

• People managing chronic or unexplained health issues in pets

• Vets looking for additional diagnostic tools

• Breeders wanting to screen for hereditary conditions responsibly

❌ Probably not for:

• Those expecting a crystal ball of future diseases

• People who’ll panic at every flagged risk

• Pets already dealing with a clear diagnosis (testing may not add value)

😺 The Benefits (That Actually Matter)

1. Better Health Planning

If your dog is at higher risk of joint issues, you can start early on supplements, low-impact exercise, or regular vet check-ins.

2. Avoiding Medication Risks

Some tests reveal how your pet may react to certain drugs particularly useful for anaesthesia or long-term treatments.

3. Understanding Behaviour Quirks

Aggressive chewer? High prey drive? It might be in their blood. Knowing the breeds in your pet’s mix can shed light on instinctual behaviours.

4. Breed-specific Screening

Some conditions are more common in certain breeds. If you know what your dog actually is, you’ll know what to watch for.

🐾 The Limitations (Let’s Be Real)

• Not all tests are equal – Cheaper kits may only provide basic breed info, not health insights.

• False positives and vague results – “Increased risk” doesn’t mean guaranteed illness.

• Not a replacement for a vet – DNA tests are a tool, not a diagnosis. If your cat is limping, don’t wait for a report go to the vet.

• Cats are harder to pin down – Feline DNA databases are smaller, so results tend to be less detailed than dog tests.

🔮 Future of Pet DNA Testing?

Pet genetics is a fast-growing field. Future versions of these tests could help identify nutritional intolerances, detect early cancer markers, or even predict how well your dog might respond to training methods.

There's even research underway linking DNA to anxiety levels, which might one day explain why your cat stares into corners like she’s seen the end times.

💬 Final Thoughts

So, can DNA tests really predict pet health?

Yes... sort of. They can highlight risks, flag hidden conditions, and help you make smarter decisions. But they’re not clairvoyants, and they won’t replace regular vet care.

Think of pet DNA testing like a really detailed weather forecast. It might say “chance of storms”, but whether or not you get rained on still depends on where you walk, how prepared you are and whether your dog eats the umbrella.

Still, for curious pet parents (or those who just need to know if their dog is part wolf), it’s a fun, science-backed peek into your pet’s past, present, and possible future.