How to Tell If Your Pet Has Allergies

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Many pet owners are surprised to learn that allergies aren’t just a human problem. Dogs and cats can also suffer from allergic reactions, often with symptoms that look very different from ours.

While we may sneeze or get itchy eyes, pets usually show signs of allergies through their skin, ears, or digestive system. The tricky part is that these symptoms can look like many other common issues, which is why understanding the signs is key to helping your pet find relief.

If your pet has been scratching more than usual, licking their paws obsessively, or experiencing recurring ear infections or tummy trouble, it might be time to consider allergies as a possible cause.

Here’s how to tell if your pet has allergies, what types they may be dealing with, and what to do next.

Common Signs of Allergies in Pets

Allergy symptoms in pets often show up in less obvious ways than they do in people. Keep an eye out for these common indicators:

1. Excessive Scratching or Licking

Constant scratching, licking, or chewing—especially at the paws, belly, ears, or tail base—is one of the most noticeable signs. If it becomes frequent or obsessive, it's a sign something is irritating your pet’s skin.

2. Red, Inflamed Skin

Skin that looks red, bumpy, or rashy can indicate an allergic reaction, especially if it’s paired with scratching or hair loss.

3. Recurring Ear Infections

Frequent ear infections—especially in dogs—can often be linked to food or environmental allergies. Look for head shaking, ear scratching, and odour.

4. Digestive Issues

Vomiting, diarrhea, or chronic gas may point to a food allergy or intolerance. While occasional tummy trouble is normal, consistent problems should be investigated.

5. Watery Eyes or Sneezing

More common in cats than dogs, respiratory symptoms can sometimes indicate airborne allergens like pollen, mould, or dust mites.

6. Hair Loss or Hot Spots

Patches of hair loss, irritated skin, or moist “hot spots” are signs of inflammation and often result from constant licking or chewing caused by allergies.

Types of Allergies in Pets

Understanding the different types of allergies can help pinpoint the cause of your pet’s symptoms.

1. Environmental Allergies (Atopic Dermatitis)

These include reactions to pollen, dust, mould, grass, or even cleaning products. Symptoms often appear seasonally and manifest as itchy skin, ear issues, or watery eyes.

2. Food Allergies

Food allergies or intolerances often involve ingredients like beef, chicken, dairy, wheat, or soy. Symptoms may include itchy skin, ear infections, and digestive problems.

3. Flea Allergy Dermatitis

Some pets are allergic to flea saliva, meaning even a single bite can cause intense itching, redness, and discomfort. This is one of the most common causes of allergic skin disease in dogs and cats.

4. Contact Allergies

Less common but still possible, contact allergies happen when a pet’s skin reacts to something they touch—like certain bedding, shampoos, or plants.

When to See Your Vet

If you suspect your pet has allergies, don’t try to guess and treat it alone—especially with over-the-counter human medications. Some allergy symptoms can mimic more serious health conditions, and giving the wrong treatment can make things worse.

Your vet may recommend:

• A thorough exam and history

• Skin or blood allergy testing

• A food elimination trial (for food allergies)

• Prescription treatments like antihistamines, medicated shampoos, or anti-inflammatory medications

• Flea control and prevention

Managing Allergies Long-Term

While allergies often don’t have a complete “cure,” they can be managed with the right care. Long-term strategies might include:

• Regular bathing with hypoallergenic or medicated shampoo

• Avoiding known allergens (seasonally or permanently)

• Diet changes or hypoallergenic food trials

• Flea control year-round

• Supplements that support skin health (like omega-3 fatty acids)

In some cases, your vet may recommend allergy shots (immunotherapy) for environmental triggers.

Final Thoughts

If your pet seems uncomfortable—scratching, licking, or battling ongoing tummy trouble—it’s always worth investigating allergies as a possible cause. With patience, vet guidance, and a little trial and error, many pets with allergies can live happy, comfortable lives.

You know your pet better than anyone. If something feels off, trust your instincts and get them the support they need. Relief is possible—and often, it starts with simply paying attention.

Dr. Lila Brooks

Veterinarian, allergy detective, and firm believer that no pet should have to live itchy